BM2351 RADIOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT SYLLABUS | ANNA UNIVERSITY BE BIOMEDICAL ENGG 6TH SEMESTER SYLLABUS REGULATION 2008 2011 2012-2013 BELOW IS THE ANNA UNIVERSITY SIXTH SEMESTER B.E BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT SYLLABUS, TEXTBOOKS, REFERENCE BOOKS,EXAM PORTIONS,QUESTION BANK,PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPERS,MODEL QUESTION PAPERS, CLASS NOTES, IMPORTANT 2 MARKS, 8 MARKS, 16 MARKS TOPICS. IT IS APPLICABLE FOR ALL STUDENTS ADMITTED IN THE YEAR 2011 2012-2013 (ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI,TRICHY,MADURAI, TIRUNELVELI,COIMBATORE), 2008 REGULATION OF ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI AND STUDENTS ADMITTED IN ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI DURING 2009
BM2351 RADIOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT L T P C
3 0 0 3
AIM
To get the clear understanding of X-ray generation and radio isotopes and various
techniques used for visualizing organs in detail.
OBJECTIVES
To study the functioning of X-ray tubes and scattered radiation and method by which
fogginess can be reduced.
To study the different types radio diagnostic unit.
To know the techniques to visualize opaque, transparent organs.
To study the special techniques adopted to visualize different sections of any organ.
UNIT I MEDICAL X-RAY EQUIPMENT - 9
Nature of X-Rays - X-ray Absorption - Tissue Contrast. X-Ray Equipment (Block Diagram)
– X-ray Tube, the collimator, Bucky Grid, power supply. Digital Radiography - discrete
digital detectors, storage phosphor and film Scanning. X-Ray Image intensifier tubes -
Fluoroscopy – Digital Fluoroscopy. Angiography, Cine angiography. Digital Subtraction
Angiography. Mammography.
UNIT II COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY 9
Principles of Tomography - First to Fourth generation scanners – Image reconstruction
technique- Back projection and Iterative method. Spiral CT Scanning - Ultra fast CT
Scanners- X-Ray Sources – Collimation – X-Ray Detectors – Viewing System.
56
UNIT III MRI 9
Fundamentals of Magnetic Resonance- Interaction of nuclei with static Magnetic Field and
Radio frequency wave – Rotation and Precession –induction of a magnetic resonance
signal – bulk Magnetization – Relaxation Processes T1 and T2. Block diagram approach
of MRI system- System Magnet (Permanent, Electromagnet and super conductors) ,
generation of Gradient magnetic Fields , Radio Frequency coils (sending and receiving)
Shim coils, Electronic components.
UNIT IV NUCLEAR MEDICINE SYSTEMS 9
Radio isotopes- alpha, beta and gamma radiations. Radio pharmaceuticals.Radiation
detectors - Gas Filled, ionization Chambers, proportional counter, GM counter and
Scintillation Detectors. Gamma Camera- Principle of operation, Collimator, Photo multiplier
tube, X-Y Positioning Circuit, Pulse height Analyzer. Principles of SPECT and PET.
UNIT V RADIATION THERAPY AND RADIATION SAFETY 9
Radiation therapy-Linear accelerator, betatron, cesium and cobalt .Radiation Protection in
Medicine –Radiation Protection principles, Radiation measuring instruments-Dosimeter,
film Badges, Thermo luminescent dosimeters – Electronic dosimeter- ICRP regulation
Practical reduction of dose to staff and visitors.
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Steve webb, Physics of Medical Imaging, , Taylor and Francis, 1988.
2 R. Hendee and Russell Ritenour “Medical Imaging Physics”–William,Wiley, Fourth
Edition 2002.
REFERENCES:
1. Physics and Radiobiology of Nuclear Medicine –Third edition – Gopal B.Saha –
Publisher – Springer, 2006.
2. Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering –B.H Brown , PV Lawford, R H Small
wood , D R Hose , D C Barber , CRC Press, 1999.
3. Standard handbook of Biomedical Engineering and Design – Myer Kutz
Publisher – McGraw – Hill, 2003.
4. P.Raghunathan, “Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy in
Medicine” Concepts and Techniques, Orient Longman, 2007.
BM2351 RADIOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT L T P C
3 0 0 3
AIM
To get the clear understanding of X-ray generation and radio isotopes and various
techniques used for visualizing organs in detail.
OBJECTIVES
To study the functioning of X-ray tubes and scattered radiation and method by which
fogginess can be reduced.
To study the different types radio diagnostic unit.
To know the techniques to visualize opaque, transparent organs.
To study the special techniques adopted to visualize different sections of any organ.
UNIT I MEDICAL X-RAY EQUIPMENT - 9
Nature of X-Rays - X-ray Absorption - Tissue Contrast. X-Ray Equipment (Block Diagram)
– X-ray Tube, the collimator, Bucky Grid, power supply. Digital Radiography - discrete
digital detectors, storage phosphor and film Scanning. X-Ray Image intensifier tubes -
Fluoroscopy – Digital Fluoroscopy. Angiography, Cine angiography. Digital Subtraction
Angiography. Mammography.
UNIT II COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY 9
Principles of Tomography - First to Fourth generation scanners – Image reconstruction
technique- Back projection and Iterative method. Spiral CT Scanning - Ultra fast CT
Scanners- X-Ray Sources – Collimation – X-Ray Detectors – Viewing System.
56
UNIT III MRI 9
Fundamentals of Magnetic Resonance- Interaction of nuclei with static Magnetic Field and
Radio frequency wave – Rotation and Precession –induction of a magnetic resonance
signal – bulk Magnetization – Relaxation Processes T1 and T2. Block diagram approach
of MRI system- System Magnet (Permanent, Electromagnet and super conductors) ,
generation of Gradient magnetic Fields , Radio Frequency coils (sending and receiving)
Shim coils, Electronic components.
UNIT IV NUCLEAR MEDICINE SYSTEMS 9
Radio isotopes- alpha, beta and gamma radiations. Radio pharmaceuticals.Radiation
detectors - Gas Filled, ionization Chambers, proportional counter, GM counter and
Scintillation Detectors. Gamma Camera- Principle of operation, Collimator, Photo multiplier
tube, X-Y Positioning Circuit, Pulse height Analyzer. Principles of SPECT and PET.
UNIT V RADIATION THERAPY AND RADIATION SAFETY 9
Radiation therapy-Linear accelerator, betatron, cesium and cobalt .Radiation Protection in
Medicine –Radiation Protection principles, Radiation measuring instruments-Dosimeter,
film Badges, Thermo luminescent dosimeters – Electronic dosimeter- ICRP regulation
Practical reduction of dose to staff and visitors.
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Steve webb, Physics of Medical Imaging, , Taylor and Francis, 1988.
2 R. Hendee and Russell Ritenour “Medical Imaging Physics”–William,Wiley, Fourth
Edition 2002.
REFERENCES:
1. Physics and Radiobiology of Nuclear Medicine –Third edition – Gopal B.Saha –
Publisher – Springer, 2006.
2. Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering –B.H Brown , PV Lawford, R H Small
wood , D R Hose , D C Barber , CRC Press, 1999.
3. Standard handbook of Biomedical Engineering and Design – Myer Kutz
Publisher – McGraw – Hill, 2003.
4. P.Raghunathan, “Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy in
Medicine” Concepts and Techniques, Orient Longman, 2007.
No comments:
Post a Comment
Any doubt ??? Just throw it Here...